Process of making journal-boxes.



I. A. RANDEL.

Pnocss oF MAKING JoUnNAL Boxns. APPLICATION FILED 00T.'16, 1913.

1,089,585, Patented Mal'. 10, 1914,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

,minas x* Inn'rni 36. 5M JW I. A. HANDEL.

Poonss or MAKING JOURNAL Boxs. APPLICATION FILED 00T. 16, 1913. l 1,089,585, Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

'UNITED sTATEs PAEIENT OFFICE.

IVAR A. RANDEL, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-N'OR T0 MCCORD AND COMPANY, 0F

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION .OF NEW JERSEY.

PROCESS OF MAKING JOURNAL-BOXES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar.-1o,1914.

Application led October 16, 1913. Serial No. 795,512.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Ivan A. RANDEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in'the county of Cook and State of lllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Making Journal-Boxes; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to journal boxes of the general character and type disclosed and broadly claimed in my U. S. Patent 1,077,159, issued of date October 28, 1913, entitled Journal box, and has for its object to provide an improved process of maklng an improved box of that type. In they early manufacture of journal boxes of the kind disclosed in my said prior patent, the tops were cast fast on continuous or unbroken upper edges oi sheet metal cellars, without making any special provision for abnormal contraction of these upper edges of the cellars; and while this operation resulted in they production of a journal box much superior to any journal box previously produced, still the box was not completely satisfactory for the reason that cracks would occur in the edges of the cast top.v These cracks were due to the fact that the molten metal of the cast top, being very much hot ter than the contacting edge of the cold cellar, would, in cooling, shrink very much more than the metal of the cellar. As a feature of the said prior journal box, the cellar had its upper edges perforated, or otherwise suitably formed for interlocking engagement with the' top which was cast thereon. This arrangement, while it more securely fastened the top to the cellar, also more positively prevented slippage of the metal of the top, in respect tov the engaged edges of the cellar, in the process of cooling, with the obvious result that the tendency to crack the cast top, in cooling, was increased. While this cracking of the top of the journal box in cooling, due to the different shrinkage values of the cellar and top, would not, in all cases render the boxes useless, nevertheless, it decreased the strength of the top and the entire box, and the boxes were defective to that extent, and not the best product 'for commercial sale and use.

My improved process of making journal boxes, prevents cracking of the cast top in cooling.

The improved process consists broadly in makmg the exposed, or top edge of the ce1- lar abnormally contractible, and in casting the top fast onto said abnormally contractible edge. The statement that the edge of the box is made abnormally contractible, is intended to deline an edge that is capable of a contraction which is independent of and much greater than the normal contraction which takes place in such edge of the cellar, in the natural process of cooling the metal thereof.

The best way that I have so far discovered for making this edge abnormally contractible, is to provide the same with a series of slits and to apply Stoppers to these slits, which stoppers will prevent the molten metal of the top from running into and closing the slits, in the process of casting. rlhese series of slits permit the intervening edge portions of the cellar to move bodily toward each other to compensate for the relatively great contraction which takes place in the cooling of the top which has been cast onto the cellar. rlChe term stoppers is herein used in a broad sense, to include any devices or materials which, when properly applied, will prevent the molten metal from running into the slits or cuts provided in the edge of the cellar to make it abnormally contractible, and permit the contraction of the edges of the same. In practice, have used thin U-shaped steel Stoppers that are sprung onto the edge of the cellar astraddle thereof, in position to cover the slits and prevent the molten metal of the top from running into the same. In `other words, in the completed box, the ed es of the cellar are abnormally ycontracte by the shrinkage of the metal of the cast top.

My improved box herein disclosed also in- In the accompanying' drawings, which illustrate a journal box constructed in acper edge portion of the cellar.

cordance with my improved process, like characters indicate like parts throughout t-he several views.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a plan view of the box with some parts broken away, and with some parts sectioned von the line m1 agl on Fig. 2; F1`g. 2 is a section taken through the box on the line m2 wf on Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in sideV elevation illustrating the construction of the joint between the cellar and cast top; Fig. 4 is a section taken through the box on the line m4 on Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the cellar and a separately const-ructed inside dust guard wall properly assembled and with the edges of the cellar and vof the dust guard wall slit and thereby made abnormally contractible; Fig. 6 isa perspective view showing in detail the dust guard wall removed from the cellar; Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the cellar showing the same as it would appear with the dust guard wall removed and* before the top has been cast thereon; and Fig. 8 is an inner end elevation of the box showing the top cast fast on the cellar. y

In the construction illustrated, the' pressed steel cellar l is formed with an integral outside dust guard wall 2 having the usual large axle passage 3 and having its upper edge portion separated by a wide gap 4. This wide gap 4 is a feature of practical'necessity in the commercial construction of the cellar, wherein t-he body of the cellar is advisably stamped or pressed from a single piece f sheet metal, preferably of sheet steel. In practice, it will be noted that in this cellar, theY upper edges thereof, are spaced apart from end to end, so that primarily, there is no connection, bridge or tie between the up- The separatelyformed inside dust guard Wall 5 `is also advisably constructed from sheet steel and is preferably provided with flanges 6 on its bottom vertical edges. To adapt the cellar to receive the dust guard, not shown, between its inside and outside dust guard walls, its inner end portion is slightly expanded, thereby forming vertical stop shoulders l, against which the inside dust guard wall 5 is arranged to beseated. When this inside dust guard wall 5 is inserted within the cellar, its flanges 6 hold it properly spaced from the outside dust guard wall and seated against the shoulders la. y

To provide for an interlocking connection between the cellar and a cast top of the box and between the upper edges of the dust guard wall 5 and the cast top, the said cellar and wall are provided, in their upper edges,

nwith perforations 7. To make the upper 'edges of the cellar l and wall 5 abnormally contractible, they are formed with longitudinally spaced slits or notches 8. Before the cellar is presented to the mold or flask in position to have the top cast thereon, the

dustguard wall 5 is, of course, properly positioned in the cellar, and all of the slits 8 are closed by the application thereto, of the proper Stoppers. l

The U-shaped sheet metal Stoppers, which, as above stated, have been used in practice,

are indicated by the numeral 9, and they are l slipped or sprung onto the upper` edges of the cellar and the-dust guard wall 5, in position to cover the slits 8 thereof. In Fig. 5, one of these Stoppers is shown as applied.

lVhen, as already indicated, the cell'ar with its dust guard wall has been properly positioned or properly presented to the mold or liask, the cast metal top 10, preferably of cast steel, is cast fast directly onto the said contractible edges of the cellar and dust guard Wall. The top thus cast onto the top of the cellar becomes not only mechanically interlocked to the contractible edges thereof, butin the process of casting fits itself exactly to all irregularities in the contacting metal of the cellar, and under shrinkage in the act of cooling, theunion or grip between the metal of the top and of the cellar is extremely close and strong. When the top is cast of steel, and at high temperature, there will also be more or less fusion of the metal of the cellar and a welding union made between the metal of the top and of the cellar. As alreadyclearly indicated, the cast top, in coo-ling, is not put under such resisting strain, by the metal of the cellar, as to crack the same. Otherwise stated, the abnormally contractible edge of the cellar, and of the dust guard wall, will automatically contract with the contraction of the cooling cast top. This has another advantage, namely, that any union made between the metal of the top and the cellar in the preliminary cooling action, willl not be disrupted or broken by the final cooling and contraction. This close and rigid connection bet-ween'the cellar and top is very important for several reasons, to-wit, it affords a dust and oil proof joint, preventing dust'from entering the box, o-r oil from leaking therefrom; .it makes a strong box; and finally, it forms a joint between the cellar and top which permits no initial relative movement of the box elements. As a result of this last noted fea-` ture, even under long and severe service, the top will not be worked loose, under the constant vibration and pounding action due to the service, whereas, 1n journal boxes having sheet metal cellars and cast tops connected thereto by rivets, the pounding action produced in service will soon loosen the joints and renders the boxes unt for use. Attention has already been called to the fact that, in the formation of the cellar by stamping the same up out of a single piece of sheet steel, it necessarily follows that the end wall 2 must have a gap 4 abovevthe axle passage 3.

aoeatea By inspection of the drawings, it will be seen that the front wall of the cellar is low enough to afford the necessary opening for the box lid. From these several facts, the upper edges of the independently formed cellar are nowhere cross-connected until the top is cast thereon. The cross-connection is made by the cast top; and the fact that the cast top bridges the gap 4 in the rear wall 2'of the box, and is connected to said wall on the opposite side of said gap, is a feature of large importance for securing the requisite strength to the box at this point. ln service, the brasses and the wedges, especially the brasses, wear away to such an extent that there will be some end play orl movement of the box relative to the journal, and under these endwise motions of the axles or boxes, the hub of the wheel will strike the top of the end wall of the box with tremendous force, and it follows that this part of that wall must be of great strength, in order to stand up under the rough usage.

t should also be noted that the cast top is cast with an opening 11 for the insertion of the dust guard, not shown.

rl'he improved journal box herein disclosed is not herein claimed, but is made the subject-matter of said (3o-pending application hereinbefore identified. Y

l. The process of making journal boxes, which consists in forming a metallic cellar v with an abnormally contractible edge, and

in casting a top fast on the contractible edge of said cellar.

2. rlhe process of making journal boxes, which consists in forming a metallic cellar and in providing'` the edge thereof with slits that make the -same abnormally contractible, and in casting fast a top onto the abnormally contractible edge of said cellar.

3. rJlhe process of making journal boxes, which consists in forming a metallic cellar and providing the edge thereof with slits that make the same abnormally contractible, in applying Stoppers to the slits thereof, and in casting fast a top onto the abnormally contractible edge of said cellar.

4. The process of making journal boxes,

and a metallic dust guard wall, and in providing both thereof, at their edges, with slits that make the same abnormally contractible, in assembling the said cellar and dust guard wall with the abnormally contractible edges thereof presented to a mold, and in casting fast a top onto the contractible edges of the said cellar and dust guard wall.

5. The process of making journal boxes, which consists in forming a metallic cellar and a metallic dust guard wall, and providing the upper edges of both thereof with slits that make the same abnormally contractible, in applying Stoppers to the slits of said cellarand wall, in assembling the said cellar and wall and presenting the slit edges thereof and the applied Stoppers toa mold, and in casting fast a top onto the slit edges of said cellar and wall.

6. The process of making journal boxes, which consists in forming a metallic cellar and a metallic dust guard Wall, in providing the upper edges of both thereof with slits that make the same abnormally contractible and with perforations for interlocking the cast top thereto, in applying Stoppers to the slits of said cellar and wall, in assembling the said cellar and wall and presenting the vslit and perforated edges thereof and the applied stoppers to a mold, and in casting fast a top onto the slit and perforated edges of said cellar and wall.

In testimony whereof l aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

IVAR A. HANDEL.

Witnesses:

DONALD D. MILLHHN, C. W. RUDOLPH.

vwhich consists in forming a metallic cellar Y 

